5 basic tools in wood work

Carpenters Pencil 

Why is the shape how to sharpen pencil video

Describe - A carpenter pencil (carpentry pencil, carpenter's pencil) is a pencil that has a body with a rectangular or elliptical cross-section to prevent it from rolling away. Carpenter pencils are used by builders, because they are suitable for marking on surfaces like concrete or stone.

Explain - Hold the carpenter's pencil by the wood. Gently sand BOTH long edges of the lead until you achieve a long, straight, sharp lead edged “V” point. The pencil on the left side of Section “D” in the illustration is properly sharpened.

Marking Gauge: 

A marking gauge is used in woodworking to mark out lines for cutting or other purposes. The main purpose is to scribe a line parallel to a reference edge. Link. A marking gauge is generally made out of wood with a metal pin to mark the point. Marking gauge video

sliding bevel: 

A sliding T bevel, also known as a bevel gauge or false square is an adjustable gauge for setting and transferring angles. Different from the square, which is fixed and can only set a 90° angle, the sliding T bevel can set any angle and transfer it on another piece. the one in this photo is made out of wood and metal info.

tri square:

A try square or try-square is a woodworking tool used for marking and checking 90° angles on pieces of wood. Though woodworkers use many different types of square, the try square is considered one of the essential tools for woodworking. The square in the name refers to the 90° angle. info

combination set square:

The combination square set (also simply called a “combination set”) is a measuring tool which is designed primarily for measuring angles and lengths. It is used by people working in a number of different trades, including woodworkers and engineers. Info

Converting meters to millimeters

Today we learn how to converting m to mm 

 4.7 m long 

And is mm stuck is 4700mm long 

What is the process   

Do covert m into mm 

There is fore 

100cm in a meter 

Is 10mm is a cm 

1m = 100cm

1cm = 10mm

1m = 100x10 = 1000mm

Process move 3 decimals points 

4.7 x 100 = 4700 

0.326 x 1000 =  326 mm 

3.72m = 3720mm

4.85m =  4850mm

0.62m = 650mm

8.472m = 8472mm

6.75 = 6750mm

parts of tree

Explain with a graphic the different parts of the tree? The tree has three main parts: leaves, branches, and roots. The upper part of the tree with the branches is called the crown. The roots are the part of the tree that grows underground. Leaves are the part of the crown of a tree.

These are the different parts of trunk
Explain them
-Growth rings:
Growth ring, in a cross section of the stem of a woody plant, the increment of wood added during a single growth period. In temperate regions the growth period is usually one year, in which case the growth ring may be called an annual ring.

-Bark:
The bark is on the outside of the tree so the really rough bit of the tree. Bark is normally used on playgrounds.

Sapwood: Sapwood is the new wood under the Cambium layer. It is often lighter in color than true wood or heartwood and it conducts water and mineral salts from the root system of the tree to the leaves.

Dead bark: Dead bark or outer bark is a layer of dead tissue that is a protection for the trunk and branches. It also helps to reduce water loss from the living cells of the tree. Some trees shed their dead bark each year while on others dead bark is reduced only by the weathering processes.

Live Bark: Live bark is a layer of living tissue under the dead bark. Food materials produced by the leaves are conducted through the live bark to the branches, trunk, and roots of the tree.

Cambium Layer: The Cambium layer is the layer of thin cells, invisible to the naked eye positioned inside the live bark. This layer of cells facilitates all growth in the thickness of the tree trunk. The Cambium grows wood cells on the inside and lives barks cells on the outside.

 

Heartwood: Heartwood is made up of cells that are actually dead. It provides the strength necessary to support the tree. Heartwood is formed by the blockage of the channels which conduct food materials. Blockage occurs as stored food materials are converted into tennis, resins, and other related substances. Heartwood is much more durable than sapwood.

The Pith: The pith is at the center of the tree and is a soft, pulpy zone that is usually about one centimeter in diameter. 

Give examples of timber used in NZ?

With over 30 species in stock choose the timber that suits your project. Quality is important to us, so we supply a comprehensive range of NZ natives such as Kauri, Rimu and Matai, and all the popular exotic species such as American Black Walnut, Cherry, American White Oak & American Hard Maple.

-Kauri
Agathis australis, commonly known by its Māori name kauri, is a coniferous tree of Araucariaceae in the genus Agathis, found north of 38°S in the northern districts of New Zealand's North Island.

-Matai
the mataī or black pine, is an endemic New Zealand coniferous tree that grows on the North Island and South Island. It also occurs on Stewart Island/Rakiura but is uncommon there.

-Rewarewa
Prumnopitys taxifolia, the mataī or black pine, is an endemic New Zealand coniferous tree that grows on the North Island and South Island. It also occurs on Stewart Island/Rakiura but is uncommon there.

-Rimu
Dacrydium cupressinum, commonly known as rimu, is a large evergreen coniferous tree endemic to the forests of New Zealand. It is a member of the southern conifer group, the podocarps.

Give an example of defects in timber?
Wind cracks.
Shakes.
Twisted fibers.
Upsets.
Rind galls.
Burls.
Water stain.
Chemical stain.

Math converting mm in a cm

 Todays we learn about mm, cm, and m

Cm + m 

How many cm in m 

There is is 100 in a m 

Example 

47cm / 100 = 0.47m 

530 = How many centimeters

There are 10mm in a cm ?

1cm = 10mm

10mm = 1cm 

47 / 10 = cm = 4.7cm

047mm - m 

1000 = 0.047

to convert mm to cm we need to divide the mm by 10 which equals cms - 10mm divided by 10 = 1cm 

to convert cm to m we need to divide the cms by 100 which equals m - 100cm divided by 100 = 1m 

to convert mm to m we need to divide the mm by 1000 which equals m - 1000mm divided by 1000 = 1m 

Math

 How to converts mm  to meters

Today in math we learn how to convert mm into m. its by moving the decimal point to three spaces from right to left no matter how high the numbers is. for example 4000 that would be four meters. 270000 that would be 2070 meters! we learnt this by diving our center miters that we have by 1000 

How to convert millimeters to meters?

In maths today we learned how to convert mm to m you need to move your decimal point 3 places to the left to covert mm to m. I will be showing you how to convert mm to m.

For example :

4700mm  = 4.7m

8700mm = 8.7m

7262mm = 7.262

12000mm =  12m